Analisis Faktor Ekonomi, Sosial Budaya serta Profesionalisme melalui Kebijakan Imigrasi dan Regulasi terhadap Keputusan Ekspatriat untuk Bekerja di Sektor BPO (Bussiness Process Outsourcing) di Thailand (Studi pada Ekspatriat yang sedang Bekerja Di Thail

Penulis

  • Donny Syahbana Universitas Kadiri
  • Budi Rahayu Universitas Kadiri
  • Enni Sustiyatik Universitas Kadiri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53494/jira.v12i1.1386

Kata Kunci:

Economic Factors, Socio-Cultural Factors, Professionalism Factors, Regulatory Policy Factors, Work Decisions, BPO, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstrak

This study aims to 1) Analyze economic factors on work decisions 2) Analyze socio-cultural factors on work decisions 3) Analyze professionalism factors on work decisions 4) Analyze regulatory policy factors on work decisions 5) Analyze economic factors through regulatory policies on work decisions 6) Analyze socio-cultural factors through regulatory policies on work decisions 7) Analyze professionalism factors through immigration policies on work decisions. This type of research is quantitative research with SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method as its analysis method. The sample size in this study was 100 respondents, namely expatriates from Indonesia who are currently working at BPO in Thailand with a purposive sampling data collection technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire using the Google Form application. The results of this study found that economic factors have a positive and significant influence on work decisions with an O value of 0.348 and P of 0.014, socio-cultural factors have a positive and significant influence on work decisions with an O value of 0.175 and P value of 0.028, professionalism factors have a positive and significant influence on work decisions with an O value of 0.367 and P of 0.04, regulatory policy factors have a positive but insignificant influence on work decisions with an O value of 0.039 and P of 0.785, economic factors through regulatory policies have a negative and insignificant influence on work decisions with an O value of -0.13 and P value of 0.29, socio-cultural factors through regulatory policies on work decisions have a negative and insignificant influence with an O value of -0.09 and P value of 0.272, and professionalism factors through regulatory policies on work decisions have a positive and significant influence with an O value of 0.248 and P value of 0.018. 

Referensi

Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education. University of Chicago Press.

Black, J. S., Mendenhall, M., & Oddou, G. (1991). Toward a Comprehensive Model of International Adjustment: An Integration of Multiple Theoretical Perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 291-317.

Djunaedi, D., Sulistyowati, Y., Sastro, G., Nizamiar, A., & Priautama, B. (2021). Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Loyalitas Pelanggan pada UMKM Sektor Kuliner di Kabupaten Kediri. RISK: Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Ekonomi, 2(1), 27-53.

Kumar, P. (2016) State of Green Marketing Research over 25 Years (1990-2014) Literature Survey and Classification. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 34, 137-158.

Laely, N., & Lidiawan, A. R. (2022). METODOLOGI PENELITIAN (A. Suryadin & K. La Nani (eds.)). Yayasan Wiyata Bestari Samasta. http://wbs-indonesia.com/

Lee, E.S. (1966) A Theory of Migration. Demography, 3, 47-57

Locke, E. A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 1297-1349). Rand McNally.

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in workrelated values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Andresen, M., & Biemann, T. (2013). A Taxonomy of International Assignees and Their Individual Career Goals. Thunderbird International Business Review, 55(4), 317-339.

Baruch, Y., Dickmann, M., Altman, Y., & Bournois, F. (2013). Exploring International Work: Types and Dimensions of Global Careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(12), 2369- 2393.

Bhanugopan, R., & Fish, A. (2009). Achieving Staff Localisation and Retention in the UAE Corporate Sector. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 2(1), 41-55.

Bonache, J., & Brewster, C. (2001). Knowledge Transfer and the Management of Expatriation. Thunderbird International Business Review, 43(1), 145-168.

Cerdin, J. L., & Brewster, C. (2014). Talent Management and Expatriation: Bridging Two Streams of Research and Practice. Journal of World Business, 49(2), 245-252. 190.

Fatoni, M. N., Rahayu, B., Marwanto, I. H., & Sustiyatik, E. (2022). Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Semangat Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pt. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Kota Kediri. JIMEK: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi, 5(2), 249-264.

Khasanah, U., Sustiyatik, E., Djunaedi, D., & Utami, S. (2023). Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Dan Komitmen Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. Payung Pusaka Mandiri Kediri. Jurnal Ilmiah Raflesia Akuntansi, 9(2), 181-190.

Lacity, M., & Willcocks, L. (2014). Business Process Outsourcing and Dynamic Innovation. Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal, 7, 66-92.

Nelly Novia, S., Utami, S., & Nurbambang, R. Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Pada Pasar Tradisional Ngronggo Kota Kediri.

Tung, R. L. (1981). Selection and Training of Personnel for Overseas Assignments. Columbia Journal of World Business, 16(1), 68-78.

Prastiyono, U., Satriyono, G., & Rahayu, B. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Budaya Organisasi Dan Iklim Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Cv. Mitra Bhuwana Mandiri Kediri. RISK: Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Ekonomi, 1(2), 127-143.

Rahayu, A. P., Satriyono, G., & Rukmini, M. (2023). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Dan Fasilitas Kantor Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Studi Kasus Di Kantor Dinas Kesehatan Pengendalian Penduduk Dan Keluarga Berencana Kabupaten Trenggalek). Jurnal Ekuivalensi, 9(2), 405-419.

Sjaastad, L.A. (1962) The Costs and Returns of Human Migration. Journal of Political Economy, 70, 80-93.

Sari, P. M., Santoso, A., & Djunaidi, D. (2020). Pengaruh citra perusahaan dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di TM Group Travel. RISK: Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Ekonomi, 1(2), 21-34.

Collings, D. G., Scullion, H., & Morley, M. J. (2007). Changing Patterns of Global Staffing in the Multinational Enterprise: Challenges to the Conventional Expatriate Assignment and Emerging Alternatives. Journal of World Business, 42(2), 198-213.

Lee, E. S. (1966). A Theory of Migration. Demography, 3(1), 47-57.

Shaffer, M. A., & Harrison, D. A. (2001). Forgotten Partners of International Assignments: Development and Test of a Model of Spouse Adjustment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(2), 238-254.

Triwidyati, E., Rukmini, M., Denakrisnada, S. G., & Cristian, M. (2023). Pengaruh pemberian insentif, profesionalisme dan iklim kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di UD. Pratama Karya Banaran Kediri. JURNAL EKUIVALENSI, 9(2), 321-336.

International Labour Organization. (2021). The Future of Work in the ASEAN.

Retrieved from

https://www.ilo.org/asia/publications/WCMS_733238/lang-- en/index.html

World Bank. (2022). Thailand Economic Monitor: Beyond the Innovation Paradox. Retrieved from

https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/thailand/publication/thailand- economic-monitor

Wulandari, D., Marwanto, I. H., & Rukmini, M. (2025). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Birokrasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Studi Kasus Pada Kantor Desa Wonorejo Kecamatan Gandusari Kabupaten Trenggalek). Jurnal Ilmiah Raflesia Akuntansi, 11(2), 933-943.

Yap, N., Rukmini, M., & Pramana, A. C. (2021, September). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Di Universitas Kadiri. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, Ekonomi dan Akuntansi (Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 210-216).

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

2026-06-23

Cara Mengutip

Donny Syahbana, Budi Rahayu, & Enni Sustiyatik. (2026). Analisis Faktor Ekonomi, Sosial Budaya serta Profesionalisme melalui Kebijakan Imigrasi dan Regulasi terhadap Keputusan Ekspatriat untuk Bekerja di Sektor BPO (Bussiness Process Outsourcing) di Thailand (Studi pada Ekspatriat yang sedang Bekerja Di Thail. Jurnal Ilmiah Raflesia Akuntansi, 12(1), 447–460. https://doi.org/10.53494/jira.v12i1.1386